After studying it, I think it could potentially get rid of 80% of spam. But, it will take a while to get to that point -- probably a year from now. Basically, it will only really block spam and accept ham from fixed domains. ISPs will be at the bottom of the pile and probably existing anti-spam methods will need to be applied to them. In a nutshell, Yahoo's Domain Keys is the moral equivalent to caller id that's available on telephones. In reality, it's more like a "region-oriented caller id". For example, say you don't trust anyone calling from Sioux Falls, South Dakota. You could block everyone calling from there. There is not really an option to block a single user ('though, this is definitely where this method would be moving towards; once it reaches the single user level, it will be the end of spam as we know it.) It could be an unfortunate sledgehammer to fix the problem, but it will certainly get rid of a large portion of spam. Getting it down to the individual level will probably take much longer -- probably 3 or 4 years. So, spam will continue to be a problem, but a lesser problem than it is now.